May 21, 2024

OHIO University Undergraduate Catalog 2021-22

OHIO University Undergraduate Catalog 2021-22 [Archived Catalog]

Course Descriptions

The course information (including course titles, descriptions, credit hours, requisites, repeat/retake information, OHIO BRICKS, and active status) contained in this catalog is effective as of Fall Semester 2021-22. This information is subject to change at the discretion of Ohio University.

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Biological Sciences
	BIOS 1705A - Honors Experience in Biological Sciences I Laboratory OHIO Honors curricular experience in Biological Sciences I Laboratory Requisites: Ohio Honors student and BIOS 1705 concurrently Credit Hours: 0 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: independent study Grades: Eligible Grades: F,CR,NC,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I
	BIOS 1710 - Biological Sciences II: Ecology, Evolution, Animal Body Systems Animal organ systems. Designed for science majors and preprofessional students. Introduction to multicellular life, organ systems, anatomy, physiology, and animal development; emphasis is on comparative strategies within the animal kingdom. Ecology and evolutionary biology. Introduction to the principles of evolution, ecology, and behavior. Requisites: C- or better in (BIOS 1700 or PBIO 1140) Credit Hours: 3 OHIO BRICKS Pillar: Natural Sciences General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 2NS Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Course Transferability: OTM course: TMNS Natural Sciences, TAG course: OSC004 Biology II, TAG course: OSC024 Biology Sequence (combo of OSC003/004) College Credit Plus: Level 1 Learning Outcomes: Students will understand basic concepts of animal anatomy, physiology, ecology, and evolution.
	BIOS 1715 - Biological Sciences II Laboratory Laboratory survey of the major phyla of the animal kingdom to reveal evolutionary relationships and structural and functional characteristics. Laboratory includes microscopy and dissection. Requisites: BIOS 1710 or concurrent Credit Hours: 1 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Course Transferability: TAG course: OSC004 Biology II, TAG course: OSC024 Biology Sequence (combo of OSC003/004) College Credit Plus: Level 1 Learning Outcomes: Students will learn basic vertebrate anatomy. Students will understand animal phylogenetic relationships.
	BIOS 2010 - Elementary Microbiology Medical microbiology; topics include microbial and fungal growth, metabolism, and genetics; antimicrobial chemotherapy; principles of immunology, microorganisms, and infectious diseases. Requisites: One course in BIOS and CHEM and not BIOS major Credit Hours: 3 OHIO BRICKS Pillar: Natural Sciences General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 2NS Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 lecture, 2.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Course Transferability: OTM course: TMNS Natural Sciences College Credit Plus: Level 1 Learning Outcomes: Students will understand microbial biology and the role of microbes in human health. Students will understand the basics of bacterial growth and culture.
	BIOS 2020 - The Biology of Sex Differences Genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences that affect the development of sex differences. Lecture, discussion, and group-report formats. Credit Hours: 3 General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 2NS Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will understand the biological bases of sex differences.
	BIOS 2030 - Human Biology II: Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology Introduction to functional anatomy of the human body. Emphasis is on the musculoskeletal system and its control by the nervous system. Students will learn how the skeleton, major muscle groups, and nervous system work together during human behaviors such as posture, locomotion, control of the hands, and respiration. Requisites: BIOS 1030 or 1710 and WARNING: No credit if taken after 3010 Credit Hours: 3 General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 2NS Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to organize major parts of the human body into established categories and understand the function of each.
	BIOS 2035 - Human Biology II Laboratory: Functional Anatomy For nonmajors. Laboratory introduction to the functional human anatomy. Emphasis is on the musculoskeletal and other major organ systems: nervous, circulatory, respiratory, and gastrointestinal. Students will explore the major patterns of the musculoskeletal and other organ systems through practical exercises with joint-muscle and tissue organ relationships by using articulated skeletons, surface anatomy, and dissection. Requisites: BIOS 2030 or concurrent and WARNING: No credit if taken after 3015 Credit Hours: 1 General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 2NS Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Understand the structural and functional relationships among the musculoskeletal and organ systems in the human body.
	BIOS 2050 - Human Biology: Sex and Reproduction For nonmajors. Development, structures, and function of male and female human reproductive systems from conception to death, including behavior. Emphasis on current state of knowledge and relevance to topical health and social issues. Lecture and discussion format. Credit Hours: 2 General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 2AS Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will understand gamete formation, fertilization, and sexual development.Students will understand the biology of fertility/infertility, birth control, assisted reproduction, and sexually transmitted infections. Students will understand the anatomy and physiology of male and female sexual structures.
	BIOS 2060 - Drugs and the Brain For nonmajors. The brain creates behavior in part via multiple chemical messenger (neurotransmitter) systems that serve specific functions such as mood alteration and arousal. Recreational and psychoactive medical drugs work by mimicking these natural messenger systems, and thus help elucidate the behavioral functions of different neurotransmitter classes. Reviews nervous system structure and chemical signaling pathways and then survey the major classes of psychoactive drugs, including alcohol, opium, cocaine, amphetamines, nicotine, caffeine, marijuana, the hallucinogens, and the antidepressants. Particular attention is paid to the biological bases of their effects. Requisites: BIOS 1030 or 1710 or PSY 1010 Credit Hours: 3 General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 2NS Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will learn how the human brain works and the role of different chemical in normal brain activity. Students will learn the effects of different drugs on the activity of the brain.
	BIOS 2100 - Exploring Animal Behavior Humans have always been interested in animal behavior. During our early history, much of that interest was based on practical need. Today studies of animal behavior help us understand our own behavior as well as our interactions with all other animals. Explore both how and why some animals migrate, live in groups, fight, have mating preferences, provide parental care, and communicate. Lectures will address some controversial issues in animal behavior, such as “Do animals have emotions?” Provides you with a new way of thinking about, observing, and interacting with the animals. Requisites: WARNING: no credit if taken after BIOS 4730 or PSY 3230 Credit Hours: 3 General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 2NS Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will gain a working understanding of the scientific method, evolution, and animal behavior, as well as learn how this knowledge is useful in today’s society.
	BIOS 2200 - Conservation and Biodiversity For nonmajors. Introduces the student to the modern field of conservation biology and the role of genetics, ecology, life history, and biogeography in the preservation and maintenance of biodiversity. Case studies of endangered animal and plant species will be highlighted. Requisites: WARNING: no credit if taken after BIOS 4810 Credit Hours: 3 OHIO BRICKS Arch: Natural World General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 2AS Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Course Transferability: OTM course: TMNS Natural Sciences College Credit Plus: Level 1 Learning Outcomes: Students will understand biological diversity and the role that humans play in habitat alterations and the loss of biological diversity.
	BIOS 2210 - Microbes and Humans For nonmajors. A good introduction to microbiology for allied health fields. Introduction to the history and life of microorganisms with an emphasis on bacteria and viruses. Discussion of the interaction between humans and microbes including vaccines, antibiotics, biotechnology, immunity, disease transmission, and food spoilage. Overview of infectious diseases affecting human organ systems. Application of concepts through reading on current topics. Requisites: WARNING: no credit if taken after BIOS 3210 or BIOS 3220 Credit Hours: 3 OHIO BRICKS Pillar: Natural Sciences General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 2AS Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Course Transferability: OTM course: TMNS Natural Sciences College Credit Plus: Level 1 Learning Outcomes: Understand the interaction between humans and microbes including vaccines, antibiotics, and disease transmission. Understand the relationship between infectious diseases and different human organ systems.
	BIOS 2225 - Microbes and Humans, Laboratory Microbes and Humans lab focuses on growth, metabolic, and structural characteristics of bacteria and other microbes. Students learn and perform aseptic technique and other standard lab skills that have relevance to controlling microbes, observing and quantifying bacteria in food and water, and demonstrating the presence and role of bacteria in the environment. Special topics also include basics of epidemiology and immunology. Requisites: BIOS 2210 or concurrent Credit Hours: 2 General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 2AS Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 4.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I College Credit Plus: Level 1 Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to safely handle: chemicals, equipment, microbial cultures, human samples, water samples, and/or food handling in the laboratory or clinical setting. Students will be able to discuss the importance of the diversity and abundance of microbes and role of microbial metabolism in our environment Students will be able to quantify bacteria and viruses Students will be able to identify microbes, both environmental and human pathogens Students will be able to describe antibiotics Students will be able to discuss how scientists are learning how to use knowledge of microbial genetics to benefit human health Students will be able to implement experimental design.
	BIOS 2250 - Genetics in Human Society For nonmajors. Basic principles of inheritance in humans. Normal and abnormal chromosome constitutions, gene-protein interrelationships, and factors that cause mutations of genes and chromosomes. Significance of genetics in life of human society. Requisites: WARNING: No credit if taken after BIOS 3100 Credit Hours: 3 OHIO BRICKS Pillar: Natural Sciences General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 2AS Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Course Transferability: OTM course: TMNS Natural Sciences College Credit Plus: Level 1 Learning Outcomes: Students will learn the pattern and process of human heredity from traditional Medelian genetics to modern molecular genetics. Students will understand the role of genetics and heredity in our society.
	BIOS 2350 - Insects, Science, and Society Introduces nonmajors to fundamental concepts of biology by using insects as examples. Students will gain an appreciation of how insects have shaped human culture and history for thousands of years and how the scientific understanding of insect behavior, physiology, evolution, and ecology is applied to solve real world problems. Contemporary issues, ranging from mosquito-born diseases, genetically modified crops and insecticide resistance, to killer bees, the silk industry and insects in forensic investigations will be used to focus discussions and improve scientific literacy. Requisites: WARNING: no credit if taken after BIOS 4360 Credit Hours: 3 General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 2AS Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Familiarize non-scientists with basic biological principles using insects as examples. Improve scientific literacy through discussions of contemporary insect-related problems and how entomologists handle them.
	BIOS 2500 - Evolution: the history of life on earth From DNA to fossils billions of years old, the evidence for evolution is all around us. This course is an introduction to the science of evolutionary biology for those not majoring in the life sciences. Topics covered include the mechanisms of evolution, such as natural selection, adaptation, and the formation of species; the patterns of evolution, such as mass extinction and the chronicle of life on earth; and applications of evolutionary principles to human society, such as medicine, agriculture, and biodiversity conservation. The overriding aim of the course is to educate students on evolutionary biology as a science. Requisites: WARNING: No credit for this course if taken after the following: BIOS 3300 Credit Hours: 3 OHIO BRICKS Arch: Natural World General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 2NS Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Course Transferability: OTM course: TMNS Natural Sciences College Credit Plus: Level 1 Learning Outcomes: Appreciate the roles of early evolutionary biologists in the development of the modern principles of evolution. Appreciate the roles of extinction and speciation in the history of life on earth. Develop an understanding of the process of natural selection in biological diversity. Develop an understanding of the relevance of evolution in modern human society including medicine, agriculture, and climate change. Interpretation of tabular and graphical data presentations and how data can be used to understand the role of evolution in living systems. Understand how evolution is a unifying principle in biology and how that guides and influences our understanding of life on earth. Understand how we use evolutionary biology to interpret observations of natural phenomena. Understand phylogenies and tree thinking and how that relates to the diversity of life. Understand the use of the scientific method and the differences between a scientific theory and a hypothesis.
	BIOS 2750 - Ecology in the 21st Century Introductory study of the natural environment and relations of organisms to one another and their surroundings. Individual, population, and community and global dynamics are considered in natural and human-influenced environments to improve ecological literacy about how the natural world works. Requisites: WARNING: no credit if taken after BIOS 3750 Credit Hours: 3 OHIO BRICKS Pillar: Natural Sciences General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 2NS Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Course Transferability: OTM course: TMNS Natural Sciences College Credit Plus: Level 1 Learning Outcomes: To convey the science and the principles of ecology to the students for a better understanding out the interconnectedness of the life on earth. To establish a basic level of understanding to prepare the students for critical thinking in relation to the global impacts of the human population.
	BIOS 2900 - Special Topics in Biological Sciences Specific course content will vary with offering. Credit Hours: 1 - 15 Repeat/Retake Information: May be repeated. Lecture/Lab Hours: 1.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,CR,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will increase their knowledge in Biological Sciences.
	BIOS 2970T - Zoology Tutorial Special course offered to students in Honors Tutorial program. Requisites: HTC Credit Hours: 1 - 12 Repeat/Retake Information: May be repeated for a maximum of 12.0 hours. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 tutorial Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,CR,PR,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Through directed readings and practical applications students will develop an understanding on a particular topic to be chosen by the student in consultation with the faculty member.
	BIOS 2971T - Zoology Tutorial Special course offered to students in Honors Tutorial program. Requisites: HTC Credit Hours: 1 - 12 Repeat/Retake Information: May be repeated for a maximum of 15.0 hours. Lecture/Lab Hours: 6.0 tutorial Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,CR,PR,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Through directed readings and practical applications students will develop an understanding on a particular topic to be chosen by the student in consultation with the faculty member.
	BIOS 2980T - Zoology Tutorial Special course offered to students in Honors Tutorial program. Requisites: HTC Credit Hours: 1 - 12 Repeat/Retake Information: May be repeated for a maximum of 12.0 hours. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 tutorial Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,CR,PR,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Through directed readings and practical applications students will develop an understanding on a particular topic to be chosen by the student in consultation with the faculty member.
	BIOS 2981T - Zoology Tutorial Special course offered to students in Honors Tutorial program. Requisites: HTC Credit Hours: 1 - 12 Repeat/Retake Information: May be repeated for a maximum of 15.0 hours. Lecture/Lab Hours: 4.0 tutorial Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,CR,PR,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Through directed readings and practical applications students will develop an understanding on a particular topic to be chosen by the student in consultation with the faculty member.
	BIOS 3010 - Human Anatomy Structure and general function of all body systems with emphasis on human musculoskeletal system, and human structure/function relations. Requisites: C- or better in (BIOS 171 or (1710 and 1715)) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: The purpose of this course is to provide students with a broad background in Human Anatomy.
	BIOS 3010A - Honors Experience: Human Anatomy Lecture OHIO Honors curricular experience in Human Anatomy Lecture Requisites: OHIO Honors student and BIOS 3010 concurrently Credit Hours: 0 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: independent study Grades: Eligible Grades: F,CR,NC,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I
	BIOS 3015 - Human Anatomy Lab Hands-on experience through working with human anatomy at the level of tissues, organs, and body systems. Emphasizes a basic knowledge of anatomical terminology and the structural basis of body functions. Lab and small-group exercises are organized around human prosected/plastinated specimens, regional-surface anatomy, and musculoskeletal modeling and sketching assignments. To gain an appreciation of basic tissue properties and relationships, labs include direct experience with dissection. Requisites: BIOS 3010 or concurrent Credit Hours: 1 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will learn basics of human anatomy through dissection.
	BIOS 3015A - Honors Experience: Human Anatomy Lab OHIO Honors curricular experience in Human Anatomy Lab Requisites: BIOS 3015 concurrently and Ohio Honors student Credit Hours: 0 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: independent study Grades: Eligible Grades: F,CR,NC,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I
	BIOS 3030 - Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy Comparative study of the anatomy of vertebrates. Structure, function, and evolution of the vertebrate body forms and organ systems are compared. Extensive lab work covers each of the major classes of vertebrates and includes dissection. Requisites: BIOS 3300 Credit Hours: 4 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 lecture, 4.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: To develop a comprehensive understanding of vertebrate anatomical systems, their development and evolution. To develop three dimensional thinking and understanding of the integrated nature of anatomical systems.
	BIOS 3100 - General Genetics Principles and concepts of genetics as revealed by classical and modern investigation. Requisites: C- or better in (BIOS 1710 and 1715) or PBIO 1150 Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will understand the basics of heredity. Students will understand the molecular basis of gene expression and regulation.
	BIOS 3105 - Laboratory Genetics Experiments in basic bacterial, yeast, and Drosophila molecular genetics. Experiments include site-directed mutagenesis, yeast 2-hybrid analysis, and transposon mutagenesis in Drosophila. Recombinant DNA techniques designed to familiarize the student with current laboratory procedures in molecular genetics. Requisites: BIOS 3100 Credit Hours: 2 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 4.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will demonstrate competence in basic molecular and genetic laboratory techniques. Students will understand how science is done by designing hypothetical experiments using techniques learned in class.
	BIOS 3160 - Biogeography An examination of historical, environmental, and biotic influences that shape spatial patterns of plant and animal distributions and community structure in the contemporary landscape. The course also explores the role of disturbance as a shaper of biological communities, and students will be introduced to field, laboratory and statistical means of analyzing ecological data. The role of human activities in altering biogeographic patterns is informed by our understanding how and why biological diversity varies over the surface of the earth. Requisites: (BIOS 1715 or GEOG 1100) and WARNING: not GEOG 3160 Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will understand the patterns of distribution of organisms.
	BIOS 3200 - Fundamentals of Animal Cell Biology Comprehensive introduction to the structure and function of animal cells, emphasizing fundamental principles and concepts of modern cell biology and the dynamic nature of cells and their components. Requisites: C- or better in BIOS 3100 Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will develop an understanding of the dynamic nature of cells and the effects of cell signaling and dynamics on the function of cells. Students will develop an understanding of the molecular basis of cell structures and functions.
	BIOS 3205 - Cell and Microbiology Techniques Laboratory exercises designed to illustrate basic techniques in molecular and cell biology, including electrophoresis and immunohistology. Requisites: BIOS 3200 or concurrent Credit Hours: 2 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 4.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will gain experiences designing and implementing short laboratory projects examining aspects of cellular function. Students will gain experience in modern molecular and cell biology techniques.
	BIOS 3210 - General Microbiology Overview of bacteria, protista, viruses, and their relationship to us and our environment. Lab training in common microbiological methods. Requisites: BIOS 3100 or (BIOS1700 and BIOS2250) Credit Hours: 4.0 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 lecture, 4.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible grades: A-F,WP,WF,FN,FS,AU,I
	BIOS 3220 - General Microbiology Overview of bacteria, archea, fungi, and viruses, and their relationship to humans and the environment. Requisites: (BIOS 3100 or concurrent) or (BIOS1700 and BIOS2250) or PBIO 3300 Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to describe prokaryotic genetics, genome variation, regulation, evolution, and diversity. Students will be able to describe the basic principles of prokaryotic metabolism and nutrient cycling. Students will be able to describe the basics of infectious disease in terms of epidemiology, immunology, and pathogenesis. Students will be able to describe the basics of viruses, viral replication, classification, and diseases. Students will be able to compare and contrast basic cell structure differences between bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes.
	BIOS 3225 - General Microbiology Laboratory Overview of bacteria, protista, viruses, and their relationship to us and our environment. Lab training in common microbiological methods. Requisites: BIOS 3220 or concurrent and WARNING: no credit if BIOS 3210 Credit Hours: 2 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 4.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Apply experimental design to identify microorganisms. Evaluate the effects of mutagenesis on microorganisms. Students will be able to describe of the practical aspects and application of microbiology concepts in common themes of everyday life including testing of water and food, and human diseases. Students will perform routine microbiological laboratory techniques. Use physiology, microscopy, and DNA analysis to demonstrate the diversity of microorganisms.
	BIOS 3225A - Honors Experience: Microbiology Lab OHIO Honors curricular experience in Microbiology Lab. Requisites: BIOS 3225 concurrent and student in the OHIO Honors program Credit Hours: 0 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: independent study Grades: Eligible Grades: F,CR,NC,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I
	BIOS 3300 - Principles of Evolution Study of the microevolutionary and macroevolutionary processes and patterns that explain and characterize the history and diversity of life on Earth. Requisites: (C- or better in BIOS 1710) and (BIOS 3100 or concurrent) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to describe and explain important events in the history of the life on earth Students will be able to analyze and interpret a phylogeny Students will be able to explain the basics of phylogenetic inference Students will be able to describe and explain microevolutionary theory, including topics in population genetics such as natural selection and genetic drift, and introductory quantitative genetic theory Students will be able to explain what a species is, and how they orginate Students will be able to describe and explain topics in macroevolution, such as adaptive radiation and mass extinctions Students will be able to explain the relevance of evolutionary thinking for medicine, food production, human biology, and other important, contemporary issues in society Students will be able to describe and explain the fundamental concepts of evolutionary biology Students will be able to define, identify, and explain evolutionary processes and patterns Students will be able to define and explain the basic concepts of the nature of science Students will be able to calculate basic evolutionary measurements (i.e. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, selection differentials) Students will be able to summarize, appraise, judge, criticize and defend articles form the primary literature
	BIOS 3330 - Neural Basis of Behavior Overview of how animal nervous systems generate behavior. The first half introduces brain and neuronal physiology and anatomy, sensory and motor systems, sensory-motor integration, and motivational states. The second half uses exemplar neuroethological case studies to integrate this information. Requisites: C- or better in BIOS 1710 Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Basic principles of sensory information processing in several major sensory modalities. Basic principles of motor control and organization of motor behaviors including escape reflexes, fixed action patterns, and sensory generated motor patterns. Mechanisms underlying learning and memory. Understand the fundamentals of cellular neurophysiology as applied to the function of neural circuits mediating behavior.
	BIOS 3420 - Principles of Physiology Function of animal cells and organs, emphasizing the physical and chemical principles underlying physiological processes. Requisites: CHEM 1520 and (C- or better in BIOS 1710 or 171) and (PHYS 2002 or 252 or 202 or concurrent) Credit Hours: 5.0 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture, 4.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible grades: A-F,WP,WF,FN,FS,AU,I
	BIOS 3430 - Principles of Physiology Function of animal cells and organs, emphasizing the physical and chemical principles underlying physiological processes. Requisites: (C- or better in CHEM 1520 and BIOS 1710) and (C- or better in PHYS 2002 or 2052 or concurrent) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to compare and contrast different strategies for adapting to changes in physiological demands including size, sensory signals, neural integration, locomotion, temperature, water/solute balance, oxygen utilization, and CO2 exchange. Students will be able to describe and define chemical processes underlying physiological processes, including cellular, organ, and organ system function and regulation. Students will be able to describe basic physiological processes at the subcellular, cellular, and organ systems levels. Students will be able to describe principles of energetics and energy metabolism, physiological scaling, coping with temperature variation or temperature extremes. Students will be able to describe principles of processing of various environmental and internal stimuli, neural and motor function, respiration, and cardiovascular function. Students will be able to interpret and classify information related to physiological function that spans levels of biological organization.
	BIOS 3435 - Principles of Physiology Lab Lab experiences designed to complement material covered in BIOS 3430/5430. Lab introduces students to physiology related skills and techniques used in research settings. This course satisfies half of the Tier I Junior Composition Equivalency requirement via a series of lab reports throughout the semester. Lab reports strengthen understanding of formal writing in Biological Sciences, including the ability to synthesize primary literature, report results of experiments, and edit and revise reports. Requisites: BIOS 3430 or concurrent Credit Hours: 2 General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 1JE Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 4.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to apply key concepts of physiology to experimental settings. Students will be able to compose formal lab reports that apply, analyze and compare how scientific experiments relate to specific aspects of physiological processes, including cellular, organ, and organ system function and regulation. Students will be able to evaluate and interpret data from scientific experiments, including graphing and statistical analyses. Students will be able to perform calculations and understand how these formulas relate to specific aspects of cellular, organ, and organ systems physiology. Students will be able to describe and define chemical processes underlying physiological processes, including cellular, organ, and organ system function and regulation. Students will be able to prepare, calibrate and use basic laboratory equipment from protocols. Students will be able to discuss how scientific writing and writing conventions shape reading, writing, and knowledge. Students will be able to improve writing through multiple drafts by developing flexible strategies for generating, revising, editing, and proofreading text. Students will be able to critically assess their own writing and the writing of others. Students will be able to construct compelling and effective arguments using logic, rhetoric, and supporting evidence appropriate to the discipline. Students will be able to discover, analyze, evaluate, and synthesize core sources appropriate to the discipline (e.g. primary and secondary sources, data, images, and scores), and to properly cite those sources.
	BIOS 3450 - Human Physiology Covers basic cell physiology through most organ systems, particularly those of humans. Emphasis on physiological regulation and physiological responses to various stresses. Requisites: C- or better in ((BIOS 2030 and 2035) or (3010 and 3015)) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will understand the physiology of human organ systems and their responses to stress.
	BIOS 3455 - Human Physiology Laboratory Lab experiences designed to complement material covered in 3450. Lab introduces students to physiology related skills and techniques used in both research and clinical settings. Requisites: BIOS 3450 or concurrent Credit Hours: 2 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 1.0 lecture, 3.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Exposure to physiology related skills through laboratory experiences.
	BIOS 3640 - Forensic Biology Provides experience in microscopic techniques; identification of hair, fibers, and bones; identification and grouping of blood; entomological and anthropological technologies in forensics; and identification of semen. Requisites: C- or better in (ANTH 4470 or BIOS 3100 or GEOL 4730 or PBIO 3300) and (Jr or Sr) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 lecture, 3.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students receive practical experience in forensic techniques.
	BIOS 3690 - Wildlife Habitat Management A course covering theoretical and practical aspects of management of wildlife and their habitats; it examines ecological, social, economic and regulatory (policy) perspectives of managing wildlife population and wildlife habitat management aimed towards sustainable use of wildlife. After completing this course, students have a better understanding of the ecological principles for managing and restoring wildlife populations and their habitats in line with local, state and federal policy mandates. Requisites: C- or Better in BIOS 1710 and 1715 Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 lecture, 2.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to analyze and communicate the scientific basis and historical context of wildlife management in the United States Students will be able to recognize specific features and characteristics of terrestrial and aquatic habitats important in maintaining and managing fish, wildlife and biological diversity Students will be able to describe basic management principles associated with a variety of game and non-game wildlife species Students will be able to analyze and interpret data, ecological models and scientific results pertaining to wildlife management Students will be able to implement quantitative methods for analysis of space use by animals, including home range models, habitat selection, and resource selection functions Students will be able to use spreadsheet software to manage and manipulate field data, summarize field data using descriptive statistics, and create graphs and tables that communicate effectively to a broad audience Students will be able to communicate clearly about how scientific data is used in real-world management decisions. Students will be able to analyze and communicate the fundamental ecological concepts and scientific tools used for managing wildlife and their habitat
	BIOS 3740X - Wildlife Habitat Management This course covers theoretical and practical aspects of management of wildlife and their habitats. It examines ecological, social, economic and regulatory (policy) perspectives of managing wildlife populations and wildlife habitat management aimed towards sustainable use of wildlife. Requisites: C or better in BIOS 1710 and 1715 Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: lecture, field experience/internship, laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I
	BIOS 3750 - Animal Ecology An exploration of empirical and theoretical aspects of how animals interact with their environment. This mechanism-oriented class will evaluate ecological processes at the individual, population, community, and ecosystem levels. Requisites: (C- or better in BIOS 1710 and 1715) or (PBIO 1150) and (MATH 2301 or 266A or 263A or concurrent) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: To develop a working ecological literacy that prepares the modern day biologist to make environmentally sound decisions. To learn a mechanistic understanding of the theoretical and empirical aspects of how organisms interact with their environment.
	BIOS 3760 - Field Ecology Quantitative analysis of field problems in ecology; consisting of design of field experiments and hypothesis testing, graphic and statistical analysis of data; interpretation of results and report writing. Requisites: C- or better in (BIOS 1710 and 1715) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 1.0 lecture, 4.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will design and implement ecological field experiments. Students will understand the use of statistics in ecological research and report writing.
	BIOS 3840 - Bioethics: Bioethical Problems in Biology and Medicine Ethical problems arising from rapid advances in biological and biomedical research. Topics can include human experimentation, fetal research, informed consent,euthanasia, reproductive advances, fetal sex determination, public policy and bioethics, health care delivery, mental health, and genetic screening. Requisites: 6 Hours in BIOS Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will understand the ethicsl issues associated with the rapid advances in biomedical and biological research.
	BIOS 3860 - Biology and the Future of Man Covers human sexuality, physiological effects of environmental pollutants, drugs of abuse, and introduction to advances in biological technology that influence future of humans. Credit Hours: 4 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 4.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will achieve a scientific understanding of basic issues associated with human sexual behavior and drug use.
	BIOS 3880 - Undergraduate Research Inquiry & Analysis in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Uses a weekly research seminar series as the basis for research lectures and directed discussions of current research topics, research methods, and experimental design in ecology and evolutionary sciences. Requisites: Permission required Credit Hours: 2 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 seminar Grades: Eligible Grades: F,CR,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be exposed to faculty and graduate student researchers who will present their work at a weekly seminar. Students will develop an understanding of terminology, experimental design, statistics and conclusions of a wide variety of disciplines in ecology and evolutionary biology. Students will interact with the speakers in a Q&A after to explore the research and the process of research.
	BIOS 3910 - Clinical Laboratory Observation Gives students the opportunity to observe activities characteristic of clinical lab. Observations made in hospital setting so that, along with other background information provided, students may be better able to evaluate lab work as career choice. Credit Hours: 1 - 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be repeated for a maximum of 6.0 hours. Lecture/Lab Hours: 20.0 internship Grades: Eligible Grades: F,CR,PR,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will gain practical experience in a clinical laboratory setting.
	BIOS 3930 - Topics in Biological Sciences for Nonmajors Individual or small-group study, under supervision of instructor, of topics not otherwise available to undergrad students. Credit not applicable toward major or minor in biological sciences or microbiology. Requisites: One course in (BIOS or PBIO) Credit Hours: 1 - 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be repeated for a maximum of 3.0 hours. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 independent study Grades: Eligible Grades: F,CR,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Non-majors will be exposed to topics not normally covered in regular classes.
	BIOS 3970T - Zoology Tutorial Special course offered to students in Honors Tutorial program. Requisites: HTC Credit Hours: 1 - 12 Repeat/Retake Information: May be repeated for a maximum of 15.0 hours. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 tutorial Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,CR,PR,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Tutorial experiences on a wide range of topics.
	BIOS 3980T - Zoology Tutorial Special course offered to students in Honors Tutorial program. Requisites: HTC Credit Hours: 1 - 12 Repeat/Retake Information: May be repeated for a maximum of 15.0 hours. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 tutorial Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,CR,PR,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Through directed readings and practical applications students will develop an understanding on a particular topic to be chosen by the student in consultation with the faculty member.
	BIOS 4030 - Teaching Vertebrate Anatomy Students receive advanced training in vertebrate anatomy via lectures and dissections and give presentations while assisting in teaching vertebrate anatomy courses. Requisites: BIOS 3015 or 3030 Credit Hours: 2 - 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be repeated for a maximum of 6.0 hours. Lecture/Lab Hours: 1.0 lecture, 3.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: F,CR,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will gain advanced training in vertebrate anatomy. Students will gain experience in teaching anatomy to other undergraduates.
	BIOS 4070 - Developmental Biology Mechanisms of animal development at tissue, cellular, and molecular levels of organization, with emphasis on experimental approaches. Integrates genetics, cell biology, and molecular biology. Requisites: BIOS 3200 and Sr only Credit Hours: 3 OHIO BRICKS Capstone: Capstone or Culminating Experience General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Mechanisms of animal development at tissue, cellular, and molecular levels of organization with emphasis on experimental approaches.
	BIOS 4100 - Biological Pharmacology An over-arching synthesis of concepts already learned in cell biology, genetics, physiology and chemistry are applied to the biological principles of drug action. Designed as a capstone experience for students in the sciences, especially the biological sciences. Covers the pathophysiology and therapeutic uses of drugs, for certain human diseases (e.g., heart failure, diabetes, Parkinson’s disease, and infectious diseases). A select group of the most commonly prescribed drugs are discussed in terms of their cellular mechanisms of action and how drug actions alter disease states. After successfully completing the learning activities students are better prepared for biomedical careers after graduation. Toxicology and medicinal chemistry of various drug classes are not discussed. Requisites: SR and (C or better in BIOS 3430 OR BIOS 3450) and (C or better in CHEM 3010 OR 3060) Credit Hours: 3 OHIO BRICKS Capstone: Capstone or Culminating Experience General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to classify drug classes by their cellular and/or physiological mechanisms of action, and when appropriate, make a list of drugs as either agonists or antagonists Students will be able to compare various drugs as to their cellular mechanism of action, adverse effects, and drug interactions and make a judgement as to which drug is better suited for a given therapeutic application Students will be able to understand dose-response curves and predict changes as a result of various experimental and drug induced outcomes Students will be able to describe the major classes of receptors for each of the primary neurotransmitters and their associated effector systems Students will be able to describe homeostasis, fight-or-flight, and rest-and-repair with regard to the autonomic nervous system Students will be able to construct and analyze signal transduction pathways that are influenced by drugs Students will be able to define bacterial resistance and illustrate the mechanisms involved in acquiring bacterial resistance Students will be able to research original resources to create a written term report on critical drug issues for the 21st century Students will be able to analyze and critique statements and arguments made about pharmacologic agents, using scientific evidence.
	BIOS 4130 - Neuroscience This course is an overview of the structure and function of the human nervous system. It provides students with a basic understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of neural communication, the development of the nervous system, the brain systems underlying human behavior (e.g., sensation and perception, movement, memory, sleep and arousal, and emotion) and the consequences of neurological damage to these systems. Requisites: (C or better in 3430 or concurrent) or (C or better in BIOS 3450 or concurrent) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to use concepts in chemistry and physics to understand the underpinnings of communication between neurons. Students will be able to explain how signal transduction pathways are crucial in relaying signals. Students will be able to classify an organism¿s mechanisms for sensing internal changes in body position and external changes in the environment. Students will be able to analyze how organisms use chemical and electrical signaling to coordinate responses at the neuron, neural circuit, and neural systems levels. Students will be able to explain how sensory, motor and cognitive functions are compartmentalized into different neural systems, with neurons and circuits that support specialized activities. Students will be able to explain how organisms have complex systems that integrate sensory information, incorporate feedback control, and allow them to create behaviors to respond to changes in the environment. Students will be able to analyze how a neuron¿s response depends on the integration and coordination of a complex array of chemical, physical and electrical signals that vary in time, location, and intensity. Students will be able to compare the different ways in which sensory information is transduced into electrical activity in the nervous system. Students will be able to hypothesize what functional impairments would occur with damage to particular brain areas.
	BIOS 4135 - Human Neuroscience Laboratory Students will learn human brain anatomy and consequences of neurological damage by completing a human brain dissection, studying cross-sectional anatomy of normal and diseased brains (e.g., via magnetic resonance images), and analysis of clinical cases. Requisites: BIOS 4130 or concurrent Credit Hours: 1 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Through dissections the students will understand the structural relationships of the structures in the human brain.
	BIOS 4140 - Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Introduction to the molecular and cellular basis of the functioning of the nervous system. Topics include morphology, excitable properties of neurons, mathematical modeling, neurotransmitters and synaptic function, signal transduction, dendritic processing, neuronal and synaptic development and synaptic/learning and memory. Requisites: MATH 2301 and C- or better in (BIOS 3420 or 3430 or 3450) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Understand the relationship between gene expression and the functioning of the nervous system.
	BIOS 4150 - Systems and Cognitive Neuroscience Neural mechanisms of sensation (vision, hearing, touch, etc.), movement control (balance, locomotion, orienting, reaching, etc.), and cognitive processes (memory, emotion, decision making, etc.). In each class, students hear a lecture and discuss assigned articles from the research literature. A major goal is to train students in critical analysis of primary journal articles. Requisites: C- or better in (BIOS 4130 or 4140) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Train students in critical analysis of primary journal articles.
	BIOS 4180 - Methods in Computational Neuroscience Lecture, discussion, and computer lab. Introduction to mathematical and computational techniques for modeling single neurons and networks of neurons. Cable theory; Rall’s model; mathematical solutions; compartmental models; Hodgkin-Huxley equations; introduction to software for simulating synapses, neurons and networks of neurons; intracellular mechanisms and calcium models; reaction-diffusion modeling - stochastic approaches; simplified models of neurons. NEURON taught. Students are expected to complete a simulation project using one of the available software packages. Requisites: BIOS 4140 and MATH 2302 Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 lecture, 2.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to generate computational models of single neurons and networks with available software.
	BIOS 4190 - Computer Simulation in Biology Introduction to computer modeling and simulation in biological research. Designed to illustrate the power and limitations of computer simulation by having students code (in software simulation programs like Berkeley Madonna or Matlab) simulation programs for a number of different biological phenomena. Quantitative models used include those of enzyme kinetics, population biology, population genetics, epidemics, diffusion, and compartmental models in physiology and system biology. Requisites: MATH 2301 and 17 hours in BIOS and Sr only Credit Hours: 3 General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 lecture, 2.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students are introduced to computer modeling and simulation in biology and learn the power and limitation of these techniques. Students will be able to fit models to data and explore the consequences of parameter variations. Students will be able to form mathematical models for biological problems and solve them with appropriate software and interpret the results.
	BIOS 4200X - Bioinformatics Introduction to Anthropological and Personal Genomics This course introduces students to the principles and methods of anthropological and personal genomics. Emphasis on the fundamental evolutionary processes that determine populations’ and individuals’ genetic variation and their application to questions about ancestry, demography, evolutionary history, disease risk, drug response, and individuals’ traits. Students will gain entry-level bioinformatic skills through hands-on experience analyzing human genomic data. Course is intended for upper-level undergraduates and graduate students. Requisites: MATH 2500 or PSY 2110 or PBIO 3150, BIOS 3100, BIOS 3300 (concurrent ok) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: lecture, laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I
	BIOS 4220 - Pathogenic Bacteriology A molecular approach is used to discuss bacterial pathogenesis and disease manifestations. Topics include aspects of immunity and pathogen control. Requisites: C- or better in (BIOS 3220 and BIOS 3225) and WARNING: No credit if taken after BIOS 4230 or 5230 Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to explain the pathogenesis of infectious disease in terms of immune response. Students will be able to explain the molecular mechanisms that allow bacteria to cause disease. Students will be able to explain and apply the fundamental components of host-bacterial pathogen interactions and bacterial infections. Students will be able to explain what factors contribute to bacterial virulence. Students will be able to categorize and compare strategies for the treatment of infectious diseases. Students will be able to appraise and explain articles from the primary literature as they relate to bacterial pathogenesis. Students will be able to critically evaluate experiments and suggest pertinent future directions for research.
	BIOS 4230 - Pathogenic Bacteriology A molecular approach is used to discuss bacterial pathogenesis and disease manifestations. Topics include some aspects of immunity and pathogen control. Requisites: C- or better in (BIOS 3210 or (3220 and 3225)) Credit Hours: 2 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will understand the role of pathogenic bacteria in human health.
	BIOS 4240 - Virology Intended to familiarize students with the principles of virology and focuses on human and animal viruses. Emphasis is placed on the molecular events following virus-cell interaction, which are critical to viral replication and pathology. Topics also include viral evolution, novel infectious agents, use of viruses for gene therapy, and modern methods of studying viruses. Requisites: C- or better in (BIOS 3100 and 3200) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will appreciate the roles that viruses play in human health and biotechnology. Students will become familiar with viruses and virus biology.
	BIOS 4250 - Evolutionary Genetics Basic concepts of population genetics (mutation, gene flow, natural selection, genetic drift). Rates, patterns, and processes of molecular evolution at the population and species level. Requisites: BIOS 3100 and PSY 2110 Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Learn how to align and analyze DNA sequences. Understand rates and patterns of DNA sequence change. Understand role of mutation, migration, and selection in changing gene frequencies.
	BIOS 4260 - Molecular Genetics Topics will emphasize the interaction of microbial genetics with molecular biology and biotechnology. Genetics of selected bacteria, their bacteriophages, and yeast are covered. Topics include the genetic elements of bacteria, bacteriophage, and yeast; mutations and mutagenesis, mitochondrial genetics and prions, mechanisms of gene transfer and recombination, regulation of gene expression, and recombinant DNA. Requisites: C- or better in (BIOS 3100 or PBIO 3300) (BIOS 3210 is recommended) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will learn to critically read the scientific literature.
	BIOS 4270 - Mechanisms of Gene Regulation Class is intended for upper-level undergraduates and graduate students. An in-depth discussion of the molecular events that regulate eukaryotic gene expression. Topics also include gene regulation during differentiation and development, aberrant transcription and disease, generation and utility of transgenic animals, and genomics-based analysis of gene expression. Requisites: C- or better in BIOS 3100 and (Jr or Sr) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to read and interpret the scientific literature in the field of gene regulation. Understand the mechanisms of eukaryotioc gene regulation.
	BIOS 4290 - Marine Biology Biological processes in marine and estuarine habitats, and adaptations for life at sea; emphasis on environmental variables affecting distribution, abundance, and dynamics of marine plants and animals. Includes optional four day field trip to marine environment. Requisites: BIOS 1715 Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will gain experience sampling and identifying organisms from a marine environment.
	BIOS 4300 - Marine Invertebrate Biology Lecture and Lab This course introduces students to the broad diversity of marine invertebrates and covers all major & many minor invertebrate phyla, as well as several important protozoan groups. This course provides an overview of each phylum describing characteristic morphology, physiology, and reproduction, and emphasizes major developments in the evolution of invertebrates. Emphasis is on taxa of significant ecological importance in marine habitats. Labs are designed to acquaint students with the different phyla using preserved and live specimens. Students are expected to recognize the particular characteristics of an organism that allow accurate taxonomic placement. Requisites: C or better in (BIOS 1710 and 1715) Credit Hours: 2 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 1.5 lecture, 1.5 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to describe and discuss the complex relationships between the varied groups of invertebrate animals. Students will be able to describe the innovative morphological features of the invertebrate taxa and their function. Students will be able to describe, define, and identify the varied groups invertebrate animals, their phylogenetic relationships to one another, and the features that distinguish these species. Students will recognize the distinguishing features of the major marine invertebrate taxa, and be able to place an unknown specimen within the proper taxonomic grouping based on this knowledge.
	BIOS 4310 - Aquatic Biology Physical, chemical, and biological processes in lakes and running waters. Emphasis on the collection and analysis of environmental and ecological data describing populations and communities. Lab includes field sampling of local habitats. Requisites: BIOS 1715 Credit Hours: 4 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture, 3.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will gain experience sampling and identifying organisms from various freshwater environments.
	BIOS 4360 - Field Entomology Introduces students to insect taxonomy and field sampling methods. Emphasis on equipment and protocols for collecting/monitoring insects in their natural habitats, and laboratory procedures for identifying and preserving specimens. Students will become familiar with common insect families and the use of taxonomic keys to identify them. Grades based on field projects, laboratory practicals, and a final project (insect collection). Requisites: BIOS 3300 or PBIO 3400 Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 lecture, 2.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Introduce students to fundamentals of insect systematics and biology. Students will learn basic aspects of insect biology including life history and behavior of the insect groups studied. Students will learn skills necessary to identify the common orders and families of insects through labs and a collection.
	BIOS 4410 - Parasitology Etiology of human parasites, their transmission, diagnosis, and prevention. Requisites: BIOS 1715 Credit Hours: 2 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will understand basic parasite life history and the interaction between parasite and host. Students will understand the role of parasites in human health.
	BIOS 4440 - Tropical Disease Biology Provides an overview of the nature, impact, and management of tropical diseases. Examines tropical diseases as systems. Requisites: Jr or Sr Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will learn the role of climate change on the spread of tropical diseases.
	BIOS 4450 - Physiology of Exercise Fundamental concepts and application of organ systems’ responses to exercise: special reference to skeletal muscle metabolism, energy expenditure, cardio-respiratory regulation, and training and environmental adaptations. Requisites: C or better in (BIOS 3420 or 3430 or 3450) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: To understand the storage, mobilization and utilization of metabolic fuels at rest and during exercise. To understand the hormonal, metabolic, muscular, cardiovascular, and respiratory responses to acute exercise and their adaptations to exercise training. To understand the roles of nutrition and ergogenic aids in exercise training. To understand the application of exercise for weight control, in special populations (e.g., children, the elderly, and women), and in the treatment of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and/or hypokinetic diseases.
	BIOS 4460 - Physiology of Exercise Laboratory The purpose of this laboratory course is to provide the student with an opportunity to obtain hands on experiences in the methodologies and techniques used in studying exercise physiology and to learn skills and to practice many of the techniques used by exercise physiologists. Requisites: C or better in (BIOS 4450 or EXPH 4140) or concurrent and WARNING: No credit for both this course and EXPH 4145 and WARNING: No credit for this course if BIOS 4455 is taken Credit Hours: 2 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 1.0 lecture, 2.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to describe and explain changes in metabolic, endocrine, neural, muscular, cardiovascular, and pulmonary systems during an acute bout of exercise Students will be able to describe and explain changes in metabolic, endocrine, neural, muscular, cardiovascular, and pulmonary systems in response to chronic exercise (training) Students will be able to describe how the physiological responses to exercise are different in patients with chronic diseases and be able to explain why these responses are different. Students will be able to describe procedures and experiments that we perform in each lab Students will be able to explain how each experiment we perform relates to specific aspects of cellular, organ, and organ system physiology Students will be able to perform calculations related to each experiment and understand how these formulas relate to specific aspects of cellular, organ, and organ systems physiology Students will be able to evaluate and interpret data from all experiments/lab activities performed in this course
	BIOS 4500 - Principles of Endocrinology Endocrine control of mammalian homeostasis and metabolism. Requisites: C- or better in (BIOS 3420 or 3430 or 3450) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: To understand where in the body hormones are produced and where they mediate biological actions. To understand how hormones act as chemical messengers to regulate basal metabolism, glucose and calcium homeostasis, growth and reproduction. To understand the methodologies used to measure hormones and to characterize their actions.
	BIOS 4570 - Animal Systematics Principles and methods of systematic zoology. Numerical methods and hypothetico-deductive reasoning applied to study of organismic diversity (taxonomy) and geographic distribution (biogeography). Use of computer stressed. Requisites: BIOS 3300 Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 lecture, 1.0 discussion Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to develop hypotheses on the phylogenetic relationships among taxa using a wide range of data and characters. Students will learn to use the latest computer based methods for developing phylogenies.
	BIOS 4600X - Systematic Biology This course focuses on the principles and methods of systematic biology. Topics include molecular evolution, species delimitation, phylogenetic inference, and phylogenetic comparative methods.There is a strong focus on analyzing data, and in applying systematic methods to research. computer labs are emphasized. Requisites: BIOS 3300 Credit Hours: 4 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: lecture, laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I
	BIOS 4620 - Animal Ecological Physiology Examines how organismal physiology is affected by the physical environment. Comparative approaches explore the behavioral, physiological, and biochemical responses to environmental factors. Current topics and methods are addressed in selected readings and discussion. Requisites: (BIOS 3420 or 3430) and MATH 2301 and (BIOS 3750 or PBIO 4350) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will gain experience in discussing and critically evaluating research in physiological ecology. To explore background and current literature on how animal physiology is affected by the physical environment.
	BIOS 4630 - Biological Chemistry Biological Chemistry covers structure/function of proteins, nucleotides, lipids, and carbohydrates. Other topics covered include principles of enzyme kinetics, chemical/physical, and functional properties of biological membranes, and DNA synthesis, transcription and translation. Finally, biochemistry of energy and nucleotide metabolism and mechanisms of metabolic regulation are also covered. Requisites: (C- or better in CHEM 3010 or 3050) and (C- or better in BIOS 1700 and BIOS 1710) Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to compare and contrast different mechanisms in the biochemistry of metabolism. Students will be able to differentiate between different types of DNA damage. Students will be able to differentiate between different types of DNA repair. Students will be able to classify types of biological membrane components. Students will be able to interpret enzyme kinetics graphs. Students will be able to describe the biochemical nature of protein folding.
	BIOS 4635 - Biological Chemistry Laboratory Laboratory exercises covered in BIOS 4630. Requisites: (BIOS 4630 or CHEM 4901) or concurrent Credit Hours: 2 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 4.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Obtain expertise in the designing biochemical experiments and analyzing data. Understand and practice biochemical techniques used in life science researches.
	BIOS 4650 - Ichthyology Biology of fishes. Lectures emphasize anatomy, physiology, ecology, taxonomy, and evolution. Labs and field trips emphasize identification of Ohio species and include dissection. Requisites: BIOS 3300 or PBIO 3400 Credit Hours: 4 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture, 3.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Learn to collect and identify fishes. Understand all aspects of fish biology. Understand the biological basis for the diversity of fishes.
	BIOS 4710 - Ornithology Bird biology, including discussions on anatomy, physiology, conservation biology, life histories, and role or ornithology in current ecological and evolutionary theory. Requisites: BIOS 3300 or PBIO 3400 Credit Hours: 4 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture, 3.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to identify birds in the field. Students will survey the morphological, physiological, behavioral and ecological diversity of birds.
	BIOS 4720 - Herpetology Biology of amphibians and reptiles. Lectures emphasize anatomy, physiology, ecology, behavior, taxonomy, and geography. Labs and field trips emphasize species of ohio and families of the US. Requisites: BIOS 3300 or PBIO 3400 Credit Hours: 4 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture, 3.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will know how to collect and identify amphibians and reptiles. Students will understand the basic biology of amphibians and reptiles from an evolutionary perspective.
	BIOS 4730 - Animal Behavior Ecological, physiological, and developmental aspects of animal behavior, interpreted from the perspective of evolutionary biology. Requisites: (C- or better in PSY 2110 or MATH 2500) and 20 hours in BIOS and Sr only Credit Hours: 3 OHIO BRICKS Capstone: Capstone or Culminating Experience General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to define and describe the fundamental concepts of the evolution and function, development and mechanisms of animal behavior Students will be able to define, describe and identify methods of measuring and testing hypotheses about animal behavior Students will be able to summarize, critique, and defend articles from the primary literature. Students will be able to create a hypothesis, collect data to test hypothesis and summarize results. Students will be able to create a review of articles from the primary literature on a current topic in animal behavior. Students will be able to appropriately utilize technology to present, acquire and analyze information. Students will have a “capacity for synthesis”. Students will have the ability to effectively present information orally.
	BIOS 4740 - Mammalogy Mammals; their origin, evolution and adaptations, geographical distribution, ecology, and systematics. Emphasis on local fauna. Requisites: BIOS 3300 or PBIO 3400 Credit Hours: 4 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture, 3.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Develop an understanding of the diversity and evolution of mammals. Learn basic techniques of field trapping and identification of mammal species. Understand basic mammal biology.
	BIOS 4770 - Population Ecology Major theories and concepts in population and evolutionary ecology. Emphasis on mathematical models pertaining to growth and regulation of populations, population interactions, including predation and competition, distribution and abundance, and life history theory. Requisites: BIOS 3750 or concurrent Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Be able to use theory, models, and statistics to predict population trends. Understand the causes of population fluctuations and dynamics.
	BIOS 4780 - Community Ecology Provide a theoretical and empirical examination of the description, structure, and organization of communities. Emphasis is placed on mathematical models that describe the biotic processes that mold community structure. Further consideration of null models in ecology and historical effects are included. Requisites: BIOS 3750 Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will understand patterns of local, regional, and global species diversity. Students will understand the mechanisms that control species richness and community organization.
	BIOS 4790 - Advanced Evolution Current concepts of evolutionary processes: sources of variation, agents of change, natural selection and adaptation, speciation and macroevolution. Requisites: BIOS 3300 Credit Hours: 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will learn to critically read the literature in Evolutionary Biology.
	BIOS 4810 - Animal Conservation Biology The roles of population genetics, population and community ecology, biogeography, systematics, and paleobiology in the study of biodiversity, design of nature reserves, and the recovery of endangered species. Discussion of extinction as a process, the effects of human-induced habitat degradation on loss of species diversity, and the role of reserves in protection of species. Requisites: 20 hours in BIOS and Sr only Credit Hours: 3 OHIO BRICKS Capstone: Capstone or Culminating Experience General Education Code (students who entered prior to Fall 2021-22): 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Understand patterns of biological diversity. Understand the legal and ethical issues behind endangered species protection. Understand the processes that lead to extinction.
	BIOS 4860 - Immunology Fundamental principles and concepts of immunity and the immune response. Requisites: C- or better in (BIOS 3210 or (3220 and 3225)) Credit Hours: 2 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will learn the role of the immune response in disease control.
	BIOS 4865 - Immunology Lab Immunological methods, including identification and assessment of functional activities in immune cells and molecules and applied immunological methods with antibodies in research, diagnosis, and therapy. Requisites: BIOS 4860 or concurrent Credit Hours: 1 Repeat/Retake Information: May be retaken two times excluding withdrawals, but only last course taken counts. Lecture/Lab Hours: 3.0 laboratory Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will develop an understanding of the human immune system.
	BIOS 4900 - Special Topics in Biological Sciences Specific course content will vary with offering. Credit Hours: 1 - 15 Repeat/Retake Information: May be repeated. Lecture/Lab Hours: 1.0 lecture Grades: Eligible Grades: A-F,CR,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will increase their knowledge in Biological Sciences.
	BIOS 4910 - Biological Internship Practice applying biological methods in professional settings such as biomedical labs, zoos, wildlife refuges and parks, environmental monitoring labs, marine and seaworld institutes, etc. Requisites: Permission required and BIOS major Credit Hours: 1 - 3 Repeat/Retake Information: May be repeated for a maximum of 6.0 hours. Lecture/Lab Hours: 20.0 internship Grades: Eligible Grades: F,CR,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Add real-world experience to their regular coursework. Gain practical experience to improve competitiveness for graduate school or employment.
	BIOS 4911 - Clinical Laboratory Science Internship Fifty-two week clinical internship includes theoretical and practical coursework in all phases of clinical lab science at accredited school of clinical laboratory science. Required for certification as a clinical laboratory scientist. Credit Hours: 1 - 9 Repeat/Retake Information: May be repeated for a maximum of 27.0 hours. Lecture/Lab Hours: 20.0 internship Grades: Eligible Grades: F,CR,PR,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will gain experience in a clinical laboratory environment.
	BIOS 4930 - Topics in Biological Sciences Individual or small-group study of specialized topics in zoology under supervision of instructor. Special registration with departmental secretary absolutely required. Requisites: BIOS 1715 and 2.5 GPA Credit Hours: 1 - 2 Repeat/Retake Information: May be repeated for a maximum of 4.0 hours. Lecture/Lab Hours: 2.0 independent study Grades: Eligible Grades: F,CR,WP,WF,WN,FN,AU,I Learning Outcomes: Students will learn to critically read the literature on a specialized topic.

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Course Descriptions

BIOS 1705A - Honors Experience in Biological Sciences I Laboratory

BIOS 1710 - Biological Sciences II: Ecology, Evolution, Animal Body Systems

BIOS 1715 - Biological Sciences II Laboratory

BIOS 2010 - Elementary Microbiology

BIOS 2020 - The Biology of Sex Differences

BIOS 2030 - Human Biology II: Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology

BIOS 2035 - Human Biology II Laboratory: Functional Anatomy

BIOS 2050 - Human Biology: Sex and Reproduction

BIOS 2060 - Drugs and the Brain

BIOS 2100 - Exploring Animal Behavior

BIOS 2200 - Conservation and Biodiversity

BIOS 2210 - Microbes and Humans

BIOS 2225 - Microbes and Humans, Laboratory

BIOS 2250 - Genetics in Human Society

BIOS 2350 - Insects, Science, and Society

BIOS 2500 - Evolution: the history of life on earth

BIOS 2750 - Ecology in the 21st Century

BIOS 2900 - Special Topics in Biological Sciences

BIOS 2970T - Zoology Tutorial

BIOS 2971T - Zoology Tutorial

BIOS 2980T - Zoology Tutorial

BIOS 2981T - Zoology Tutorial

BIOS 3010 - Human Anatomy

BIOS 3010A - Honors Experience: Human Anatomy Lecture

BIOS 3015 - Human Anatomy Lab

BIOS 3015A - Honors Experience: Human Anatomy Lab

BIOS 3030 - Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy

BIOS 3100 - General Genetics

BIOS 3105 - Laboratory Genetics

BIOS 3160 - Biogeography

BIOS 3200 - Fundamentals of Animal Cell Biology

BIOS 3205 - Cell and Microbiology Techniques

BIOS 3210 - General Microbiology

BIOS 3220 - General Microbiology

BIOS 3225 - General Microbiology Laboratory

BIOS 3225A - Honors Experience: Microbiology Lab

BIOS 3300 - Principles of Evolution

BIOS 3330 - Neural Basis of Behavior

BIOS 3420 - Principles of Physiology

BIOS 3430 - Principles of Physiology

BIOS 3435 - Principles of Physiology Lab

BIOS 3450 - Human Physiology

BIOS 3455 - Human Physiology Laboratory

BIOS 3640 - Forensic Biology

BIOS 3690 - Wildlife Habitat Management

BIOS 3740X - Wildlife Habitat Management

BIOS 3750 - Animal Ecology

BIOS 3760 - Field Ecology

BIOS 3840 - Bioethics: Bioethical Problems in Biology and Medicine

BIOS 3860 - Biology and the Future of Man

BIOS 3880 - Undergraduate Research Inquiry & Analysis in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

BIOS 3910 - Clinical Laboratory Observation

BIOS 3930 - Topics in Biological Sciences for Nonmajors

BIOS 3970T - Zoology Tutorial

BIOS 3980T - Zoology Tutorial

BIOS 4030 - Teaching Vertebrate Anatomy

BIOS 4070 - Developmental Biology

BIOS 4100 - Biological Pharmacology

BIOS 4130 - Neuroscience

BIOS 4135 - Human Neuroscience Laboratory

BIOS 4140 - Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience

BIOS 4150 - Systems and Cognitive Neuroscience

BIOS 4180 - Methods in Computational Neuroscience

BIOS 4190 - Computer Simulation in Biology

BIOS 4200X - Bioinformatics Introduction to Anthropological and Personal Genomics

BIOS 4220 - Pathogenic Bacteriology

BIOS 4230 - Pathogenic Bacteriology

BIOS 4240 - Virology

BIOS 4250 - Evolutionary Genetics

BIOS 4260 - Molecular Genetics

BIOS 4270 - Mechanisms of Gene Regulation

BIOS 4290 - Marine Biology

BIOS 4300 - Marine Invertebrate Biology Lecture and Lab

BIOS 4310 - Aquatic Biology

BIOS 4360 - Field Entomology

BIOS 4410 - Parasitology

BIOS 4440 - Tropical Disease Biology

BIOS 4450 - Physiology of Exercise

BIOS 4460 - Physiology of Exercise Laboratory